How to Install a Hot Tub at Home: What You Need to Know
How do I install a hot tub properly? Installation is one of the most common concerns for first-time hot tub buyers. And the answer has a couple of parts along with the understanding that you’re going to need a little bit of help.
Here’s a quick overview: To install a hot tub at home, you’ll need a level base (like a concrete pad, reinforced patio or paving stones over compressed gravel), a nearby water source to fill it and safe electrical connections installed by a licensed electrician.
Most hot tubs arrive only requiring final placement, filling, and electrical hookup before use. Some even use a standard plug-in, which can make things even easier.
At Hydropool, we have been in the hot tub business for more than 45 years. So here’s our take on what you need to do and be ready for:
- What kind of foundation you need for your hot tub
- What to know about electrical requirements
- How delivery and setup typically work
- Where you should (and shouldn’t) install a hot tub
- Indoor vs. outdoor installations
- Who you need to hire (and when)
- Final steps before you take your first soak
Let’s dive in!
What Kind of Base Do You Need for a Hot Tub?
A stable, level surface is essential for supporting the weight of a filled hot tub. Water is heavy, so even a fully filled SMALL spa can easily weigh 1,500 kg (3,300 lbs). Three times that weight is possible with larger units.
Suitable hot tub bases include:
- Concrete slabs – built well, this is generally considered the ideal possible base as it will never shift or move
- Paver patios - (with compacted gravel underneath). A low-cost, entirely dependable option if well installed.
- Decks - (reinforced for weight capacity) – Raised decks are tricky. They must be supported and require the advice of an engineer. Decks close to the ground still require additional support. Your dealer can advise you on what to do here.
- Spa pads or plastic modular bases (only for smaller spas and flat areas) – Our advice is to talk to your dealer before committing to this method. Often you find that you need to install 6” of compacted gravel anyway, making them no easier than user pavers.
Avoid soft or uneven ground as it can lead to structural damage. If you hot tub isn’t level, warpage can cause cracks in your acrylic … which can lead to serious damage. It pays to get this part right.
Hot tubs must be level! Not just so the water sits properly in the hot tub, but to keep the plumbing and acrylic aligned so they remain supported.
What Are the Electrical Requirements for a Hot Tub?
Most hot tubs are either 110V (plug-and-play) or 220V (hardwired). Larger, high-performance spas generally require 220V, which must be installed by a licensed electrician.
Typical electrical setup:
- 220V hot tubs need a dedicated GFCI breaker
- The wiring should be run in conduit, following local electrical code
- A disconnect box must be placed at least 5 feet (1.5 meters) from the spa, but still visible
This work requires a professional electrician.
How Does Hot Tub Delivery Work?
When your spa arrives, it will be delivered upright or on its side, depending on space and access, then gently dropped into place. Most hot tubs are delivered using a spa dolly, trailer or crane if needed.
We require 40 inches of clearance to the backyard and 100 inches in height. Also hills, steps and slopes may seem small but need to be flagged in advance.
Before delivery:
- Measure all gates, doorways, and paths.
- Trim any overhanging branches or obstacles
- Have your base ready and clear of debris
Hydropool works with expert delivery teams to ensure safe placement every time. Big retailers do what’s called “lawn delivery.” They plunk it there and leave you to take it the rest of the way.
If you want to do delivery yourself, you’ll want a flatbed truck. For more on delivery, read here:
Where’s the Best Place to Install a Hot Tub?
Outdoor installations are the most popular. A spa on your deck or patio offers easy access and great views.
Best outdoor spots:
- No. 1 factor: Close to your house, especially in Canada and especially in the winter!
- Near a privacy screen or hedge. Neighbours can get jealous.
- Sheltered from wind and debris. Under a tree might seem nice until the leaves come off.
Indoor installs are possible too but they require:
- Adequate drainage
- Ventilation for humidity
- Floor reinforcement
- Waterproofing
If you’re planning an indoor install, you will want to go through a local retailer who can guide you on the ins and outs.
Do You Need a Permit to Install a Hot Tub?
In most cases you do not. Some municipalities require:
- A permit for electrical installation
- A permit for new concrete slabs or decks
- Safety features like fencing or locks
- Condos will often want to grant permission for hot tub installs on patios.
In all instances it pays to work with a dealer here who can tell you what local codes you need to follow.
Who Should You Hire to Install a Hot Tub?
While the hot tub itself doesn’t require a plumber, you may need help from:
- A licensed electrician - for electrical hook-up
- A contractor or landscaper - for base prep – or you can do it yourself if you’re handy
- A crane service – only if access is limited
Your Hydropool retailer can help coordinate these services and ensure a smooth experience in all cases.
What Happens After the Hot Tub is Installed?
Once in place, here are your steps:
- Fill the tub with clean water using a garden hose
- Turn on the power after the tub is filled
- Test the jets, pumps and heater
- Once the water is above 85F, balance the water chemistry (pH, sanitizer, alkalinity)
- Add a cover to maintain heat and cleanliness
How to Install a Hot Tub at Home: Ready to Get Started?
Millions of people have hot tubs around the world: This is an entirely doable thing! Whether you choose to do the install prep yourself or have it done for you, having a hot tub installed is something you want to get done properly. If you don’t, it just sets you up for problems down the road. And no one buys a hot tub for more headaches. In most cases, installation is a “do it once and do it right” job.
Have more questions? Reach out to your local Hydropool retailer here: Find a Retailer
